February 24, 2025

How a Tsunami Created the Quad

A disaster in the Indian Ocean in 2004 brought together a powerful grouping of nations—Australia, India, Japan and the United States—that developed a diplomatic partnership based on mutual security and democratic cooperation, now known as the Quad. Lisa Curtis, senior fellow and director of the Indo-Pacific Security Program at the Center for a New American Security (CNAS), explores the origins of the quad, the response from China, and why it returned in 2017.

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